UN Biodiversity Agreement

Global nature agreement

The UN's nature agreement, the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), was adopted in December 2022 to halt and reverse the loss of nature. It has four main goals and 23 sub-goals, which all member countries of the Convention on Biological Diversity have committed to achieving by 2030.

The main goals include protecting 30% of all nature on land and in water, restoring 30% of partially destroyed nature, and ensuring representative nature conservation. The agreement will also establish a fund to which wealthier countries will contribute to support conservation efforts in poorer nations, aiming for an annual contribution of USD 200 billion by 2030. Furthermore, subsidies that are harmful to the environment will be reduced by $500 billion, and a gene bank will be established to facilitate the sharing of genetic information. Moreover, global food waste will be halved, and there will be a substantial reduction in overall waste and overconsumption. The agreement warns that, without urgent action, species extinction will escalate dramatically.